Here’s a summary of the questions and answers:

1. What is government?
   • Government is the organization or system through which political authority is exercised in a society.
2. State 11 functions of government?
   • Maintaining law and order, protecting citizens, regulating commerce, collecting taxes, defending the country, ensuring social welfare, managing foreign relations, implementing public policies, protecting individual rights, promoting economic development, and upholding justice.
3. What is state? State 5 characteristics of a state?
   • A state is a political entity with sovereignty over a defined territory. Its characteristics include:
     1. Population
     2. Territory
     3. Sovereignty
     4. Government
     5. Recognition by other states.
4. What is power? State 5 forms of power?
   • Power is the ability to influence or control behavior. The five forms of power are:
     1. Coercive power
     2. Reward power
     3. Legitimate power
     4. Expert power
     5. Referent power.
5. What is authority? State 10 types of authority?
   • Authority is the legitimate right to exercise power. The 10 types include:
     1. Traditional authority
     2. Charismatic authority
     3. Legal-rational authority
     4. Political authority
     5. Religious authority
     6. Legal authority
     7. Military authority
     8. Economic authority
     9. Bureaucratic authority
     10. Educational authority.
6. What is sovereignty? State 4 characteristics and types of sovereignty?
   • Sovereignty is the supreme authority of a state. The 4 characteristics are:
     1. Independence
     2. Final authority
     3. Control over territory
     4. International recognition. Types of sovereignty: internal and external sovereignty.
7. State 10 limitations of sovereignty?
   • Sovereignty can be limited by factors like international treaties, global organizations, economic pressures, internal conflicts, political instability, human rights concerns, environmental issues, technological advancements, foreign intervention, and public opinion.
8. What is legitimacy? State 6 factors that influence legitimacy?
   • Legitimacy is the general acceptance of authority. Factors influencing legitimacy include:
     1. Legal-rational norms
     2. Tradition
     3. Charismatic leadership
     4. Fairness of political systems
     5. Economic stability
     6. Popular support.
9. What is political culture?
   • Political culture refers to the shared beliefs, values, and practices related to politics within a society.
10. State 10 characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of the following:

• a. Democracy: Characteristics: Participation, freedom, equality, majority rule, accountability, etc. Advantages: Equality, freedom, accountability, participation. Disadvantages: Inefficiency, majority dominance, instability.
• b. Capitalism: Characteristics: Private ownership, free market, profit motive, competition. Advantages: Innovation, efficiency, wealth creation. Disadvantages: Inequality, exploitation, market instability.
• c. Socialism: Characteristics: Collective ownership, central planning, equality. Advantages: Reduced inequality, social welfare. Disadvantages: Lack of incentives, inefficiency, limited freedom.
• d. Communism: Characteristics: Classless society, communal ownership, central planning. Advantages: Equality, eradication of poverty. Disadvantages: Authoritarianism, lack of freedom, inefficiency.
• e. Totalitarianism: Characteristics: Centralized control, limited freedoms, state propaganda. Advantages: Control, order. Disadvantages: Repression, human rights abuses.
• f. Fascism: Characteristics: Authoritarianism, nationalism, militarism, anti-communism. Advantages: National unity, order. Disadvantages: Oppression, violence, intolerance.
• g. Feudalism: Characteristics: Hierarchical system, land-based economy, vassals. Advantages: Stability, loyalty. Disadvantages: Inequality, lack of social mobility.
• h. Communalism: Characteristics: Collective community-based living, shared resources. Advantages: Cooperation, sustainability. Disadvantages: Lack of individualism, inefficiency.

11. A. Define and state 10 features of the following government?

• a. Unitary, Federalism, Confederation, Presidential, Parliamentary System of Government, Monarchy, Republican? Features vary by system, but they generally relate to the structure of power distribution (centralized vs decentralized), leadership roles, decision-making processes, and the role of citizens.

B. State 10 advantages and disadvantages of the following government systems:

• Unitary: Strong central power vs. lack of local autonomy.
• Federalism: Balance between central and local powers vs. potential for conflict.
• Confederation: Local autonomy vs. weak central authority.
• Presidential: Separation of powers vs. potential for gridlock.
• Parliamentary System: Close cooperation between executive and legislature vs. less stability.
• Monarchy: Stability vs. potential for autocratic rule.
• Republican: Representation vs. inequality or elite control.

Disclaimer-We disclaim all liability arising from reliance on this article